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4.
Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis ; 36(9): 1569-1575, 2017 Sep.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28378244

RESUMO

The use of vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as an outcome predictor in patients with methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) bacteremia has become an important topic for debate in the last few years. Given these previous results, we decided to investigate whether MICs to vancomycin or daptomycin had any effect on the evolution of patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) due to MSSA. An observational, retrospective, multicenter study was conducted among patients with MSSA VAP. We analyzed the relationship between vancomycin and daptomycin MICs and early clinical response (72 h), 30-day mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) length of stay (LOS), and duration on mechanical ventilation. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. Sixty-six patients from 12 centers were included. Twenty-six patients (39%) had an infection due to MSSA strains with a vancomycin MIC ≥1.5 µg/mL. Daptomycin MIC was determined in 58 patients, of whom 17 (29%) had an MIC ≥1.0 µg/mL. Ten patients (15%) did not respond to first-line treatment. Only daptomycin MIC ≥1.0 µg/mL had a significant association [odds ratio (OR): 30.00; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.91-60.41] with early treatment failure. The 30-day mortality was 12% (n = 8). Any variable was associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis. None of the variables studied were associated with ICU LOS or duration on mechanical ventilation. In patients with MSSA VAP, vancomycin MIC does not influence the response to antibiotic treatment or the 30-day mortality. Daptomycin MIC was directly related to early treatment failure.


Assuntos
Daptomicina/farmacologia , Staphylococcus aureus Resistente à Meticilina/efeitos dos fármacos , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/microbiologia , Infecções Estafilocócicas/microbiologia , Vancomicina/farmacologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Biomarcadores , Comorbidade , Daptomicina/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/diagnóstico , Pneumonia Associada à Ventilação Mecânica/tratamento farmacológico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Infecções Estafilocócicas/diagnóstico , Infecções Estafilocócicas/tratamento farmacológico , Resultado do Tratamento , Vancomicina/uso terapêutico
7.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 35(8): 470-477, nov. 2011. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-98871

RESUMO

Objetivo: Análisis del empleo de la VMNI en nuestra serie de pacientes ingresados en la unidad de cuidados intensivos (UCI) afectados por nuevo virus de la gripe A (H1N1), en especial aquellos afectados por neumonía con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda (IRA) hipoxémica grave, observándola necesidad de intubación, mejoría clínico-gasométrica, desarrollo de complicaciones, mortalidad, estancia en UCI y hospitalaria. Diseño: Estudio retrospectivo observacional. Ámbito: UCI del Hospital General de Castellón. Pacientes: Pacientes ingresados en la unidad con neumonía primaria o secundaria, con IRA de predominio hipoxémico. Intervenciones: Se empleó CPAP de Boussignac, sistema Helmet y BiPAP Vision. Resultados: De un total de 10 pacientes ingresados con infección por gripe A H1N1, se empleó laVMNI en 7 (70%) pacientes con un fracaso del 28% (una agudización de asma y otra insuficiencia ventilatoria con obstrucción de vía aérea). Dentro del grupo hipoxémico analizado (5 pacientes),la efectividad de la VMNI fue del 100% en cuanto a mejoría gasométrica y clínica, evitando la intubación de todos estos pacientes. Asimismo, no se produjo ninguna muerte tanto en UCI como en el hospital. La duración (mediana) de la ventilación fue de 6 (4-11) días y la estancia en UCI, de 9 (7-11) días. La tasa de complicaciones fue pequeña (una infección de orina). La tolerancia de la VMNI fue aceptable, destacando el ruido producido por la CPAP. No se produjo ningún contagio en el personal sanitario. Conclusiones: A la luz de los resultados, se podría plantear un mayor empleo de la VMNI ante futuras epidemias (AU)


Objective: The use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation was evaluated in our series of patients admitted to our ICU with pneumonia due to influenza A virus H1N1, assessing the need for intubation, arterial blood gases and clinical improvement, the development of complications and ICU and hospital stay. Design: Retrospective and observational study. Setting: ICU of Castellón University General Hospital (Castellón, Spain).Population: Patients admitted to ICU with pneumonia due to influenza A virus H1N1 and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. Interventions: Boussignac CPAP, Helmet system and BiPAP Vision® were used. Results: Five of 10 patients with pneumonia and hypoxemia were analyzed, showing 100%effectiveness of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in terms of clinical and arterial blood gas improvement, and avoiding intubation in all cases. There were no patient deaths in ICU or in hospital. The duration (median) of ventilation was 6 (4-11) days, with an ICU stay of 9 (7-11)days. The number of complications was low (except for urinary tract infection due to Pseudomon asaeruginosa), and only the noise produced by CPAP was underscored. There were noinfections among the staff .Conclusions: Based on our results, increased use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in future epidemics could be proposed (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , /patogenicidade , Influenza Humana/complicações , Respiração Artificial/métodos , Cuidados Críticos , Pandemias/prevenção & controle , Fatores de Risco , Radiografia Torácica , Estudos Retrospectivos
8.
Med Intensiva ; 35(8): 470-7, 2011 Nov.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21600675

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation was evaluated in our series of patients admitted to our ICU with pneumonia due to influenza A virus H1N1, assessing the need for intubation, arterial blood gases and clinical improvement, the development of complications and ICU and hospital stay. DESIGN: Retrospective and observational study. SETTING: ICU of Castellón University General Hospital (Castellón, Spain). POPULATION: Patients admitted to ICU with pneumonia due to influenza A virus H1N1 and acute hypoxemic respiratory failure. INTERVENTIONS: Boussignac CPAP, Helmet system and BiPAP Vision(®) were used. RESULTS: Five of 10 patients with pneumonia and hypoxemia were analyzed, showing 100% effectiveness of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in terms of clinical and arterial blood gas improvement, and avoiding intubation in all cases. There were no patient deaths in ICU or in hospital. The duration (median) of ventilation was 6 (4-11) days, with an ICU stay of 9 (7-11) days. The number of complications was low (except for urinary tract infection due to Pseudomonas aeruginosa), and only the noise produced by CPAP was underscored. There were no infections among the staff. CONCLUSIONS: Based on our results, increased use of noninvasive mechanical ventilation in future epidemics coujld be proposed.


Assuntos
Vírus da Influenza A Subtipo H1N1 , Influenza Humana/terapia , Pneumonia Viral/terapia , Respiração Artificial , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença
9.
Med Intensiva ; 32(7): 354-60, 2008 Oct.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18842227

RESUMO

The need of availability of information able to describe the activity performed in ICU has two different sides. The first related with the monitoring of the patient himself, his clinical situation changes and the checking of attitudes and reactions of the clinical team related to these changes. The other one focused on the possibility to describe appropriately the general activity of the unit, the epidemiological characteristics of the attended population and the indicators of efectitivity and efficiency that could be used for a continous quality improving. The first one has been named as patient level control, and the second one as unit level control. Industry tried to develop potent instruments (informatized) able to <> information from patient monitoring systems in order to cope with the first quoted need (the so called patient data management systems [PDMS]), but has not yet be able to cross the line between the individual patient and the global unit activity. Authors emphasize the need of having the unit data management systems (UDMS), a not solved problem, as a complement on real time on line information obtained from patients.


Assuntos
Sistemas de Gerenciamento de Base de Dados , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Sistemas Computadorizados de Registros Médicos , Sistemas Computacionais , Humanos , Sistemas On-Line
10.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(7): 354-360, oct. 2008. ilus, tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-71439

RESUMO

La necesidad de disponer de la máxima información posible que traduzca el trabajo realizado en las Unidades de Cuidados Intensivos (UCI) tiene dos vertientes. Una centrada en la monitorización del paciente, los cambios registrados en su situación clínica y la respuesta que ellos condicionan en la actitud y acciones del equipo asistencial. La otra focalizada en la posibilidad de describir la actividad general de la U7nidad, las características epidemiológicas de la población atendida y los indicadores de efectividad y eficiencia que puedan traducirse en políticas de evaluación continua de calidad. A la primera se le ha dado el nombre de control a nivel de paciente y a la segunda el de control a nivel de UCI. La industria ha desarrollado instrumentos (informatizados) capaces de «capturar» la información procedente de los sistemas de monitorización para poder establecer la primera (los conocidos como patient data management systems [PDMS]), pero desafortunadamente no ha solventado el salto informativo del paciente individual a la descripción global de la actividad. Los autores defienden la necesidad de disponer de los unit data management systems (UDMS), carencia no bien resuelta, como complemento imprescindible de la información en tiempo real procedente de los pacientes


The need of availability of information able to describe the activity performed in ICU has two different sides. The first related with the monitoring of the patient himself, his clinical situation changes and the cehecking of attitudes and reactions of the clinical team related to these changes. The other one focused on the possibility to describe appropriately the general activity of the unit, the epidemiological characteristics of the attended population and the indicators of efectitivity and efficiency that could be used for a continous quality improving. The first one has been named as patient level control, and the second one as unit level control. Industry tried to develop potent instruments (informatized) able to «capture» information from patient monitoring systems in order to cope with the first quoted need (the so called patient data management systems [PDMS]), but has not yet be able to cross the line between the individual patient and the global unit activity. Authors emphasize the need of having the unit data management systems (UDMS), a not solved problem, as a complement on real time on line information obtained from patients (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Administração de Serviços de Saúde/tendências , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Sistemas Computadorizados de Registros Médicos , Registros Médicos
11.
Med Intensiva ; 32(5): 216-21, 2008.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18570831

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Understanding the information provided to families and surrogates of the critically ill patients admitted to ICUs and its adequate communication without contradictions, is a fundamental aspect related with the possible participation of these persons in the treatment decision making and with the quality perceived regarding the care process. Our aim in this study is to assess these two aspects (information and communication of information). DESIGN: Opinion study elaborated by the medical team and nursing staff of a multidisciplinary ICU. METHOD: Observational qualitative study performed through an open answers questionnaire. Search for agreement on terminology and concepts that should be included in the information and estimation of the different contents of information provided by the main health care professional groups (physicians and nurses). Using the Delphi technique to elaborate an information communication sheet between different staff members in order to homogenize the information process. RESULTS: The analysis of the questionnaire reveals the great heterogeneity of the contents and modes of information provided. This may cause difficulties in understanding and the integration of families and relatives in the care process. The agreement achieved among the different between physicians to facilitate the information and avoid subjective interpretations by the informed people is presented.


Assuntos
Comunicação , Família , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Inquéritos e Questionários , Humanos
12.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 32(5): 216-221, jun. 2008. tab
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-66172

RESUMO

Introducción. La comprensión de la informaciónproporcionada a los familiares y allegados delos enfermos críticos ingresados en la Unidadde Cuidados Intensivos (UCI), y la transmisión,adecuada y sin contradicciones, de esta información,es un aspecto fundamental relacionado con la posible participación en las decisiones terapéuticasy con la calidad percibida respecto al proceso asistencial. Con el fin de establecer la adecuación de estos dos aspectos (comprensión y transmisión de la información) se ha realizado el presente estudio.Diseño. Estudio de opinión elaborado por elequipo médico, con la supervisión de enfermeríade una UCI polivalente.Método. Estudio cualitativo observacional.Encuesta de preguntas de respuesta abierta.Acuerdo de terminología y conceptos que debecontener la información y estimación de los distintoscontenidos de información proporcionada por los principales estamentos asistenciales (médicosy enfermeras). Elaboración, por técnica Delphi, de una hoja de transmisión de la información entre distintos facultativos, con el fin de homogeneizarel proceso informativo.Resultados. El análisis del cuestionario demuestrala gran heterogeneidad de los contenidosy formas de la información proporcionada, lo querepercute en defectos de comprensión y aparentescontradicciones, y a su vez dificulta la comprensiónde esa información y la integración de familiaresy allegados en el proceso asistencial.Se presenta el acuerdo logrado entre los distintosfacultativos encuestados para facilitar la informacióny evitar interpretaciones subjetivas porparte de los informados


Introduction. Understanding the informationprovided to families and surrogates of the criticallyill patients admitted to ICUs and its adequatecommunication without contradictions, is a fundamentaspect related with the possible participationof these persons in the treatment decisionmaking and with the quality perceived regardingthe care process. Our aim in this study is to assessthese two aspects (information and communicationof information).Design. Opinion study elaborated by the medicalteam and nursing staff of a multidisciplinary ICU.Method. Observational qualitative study performedthrough an open answers questionnaire.Search for agreement on terminology and conceptsthat should be included in the informationand estimation of the different contents of informationprovided by the main health care professionalgroups (physicians and nurses). Using theDelphi technique to elaborate an informationcommunication sheet between different staffmembers in order to homogenize the informationprocess.Results. The analysis of the questionnaire revealsthe great heterogeneity of the contents andmodes of information provided. This may cause difficulties in understanding and the integration offamilies and relatives in the care process.The agreement achieved among the differentbetween physicians to facilitate the informationand avoid subjective interpretations by the informedpeople is presented (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva/organização & administração , Sistemas de Informação Hospitalar/organização & administração , Relações Médico-Paciente , Relações Profissional-Família , Acesso à Informação , Pesquisas sobre Atenção à Saúde
13.
Med. intensiva (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 25(9): 333-339, dic. 2001. tab, ilus
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-11184

RESUMO

Objetivo. Estudiar la relación existente entre la saturación de oxígeno obtenida por pulsioximetría (SattcO2) y la obtenida por cooximetría (SatHbO2), o por cálculo de la saturación de oxígeno por el análisis convencional de la gasometría sanguínea (SatO2) y evaluar la posible influencia que en esta relación puedan tener las infusiones de fármacos vasoactivos presores. Pacientes y método. El estudio se llevó a cabo en una UCI polivalente de 15 camas de un hospital docente de referencia, desde diciembre de 1998 a abril de 1999. Se obtuvieron 104 pares simultáneos de muestras procedentes de pacientes ingresados por causa médica o quirúrgica (urgente o programada). De estos pacientes, 57 estaban sometidos a la administración de infusiones presoras vasoactivas. Los datos recogidos fueron: SattcO2, SatHbO2 (por cooximetría) y SatO2 (por análisis convencional de muestra de sangre arterial). El estado hemodinámico de los pacientes se estimó mediante el registro de la presión arterial, la frecuencia cardíaca y la temperatura axilar. Se recogieron el tipo y la dosis de los fármacos vasopresores administrados (noradrenalina, dopamina o dobutamina, o combinaciones de ellas). Tras la obtención de los datos se estableció la correlación entre SattcO2 y SatHbO2 y entre SattcO2 y SatO2, mediante una ecuación de regresión y la concordancia por método de Bland-Altman, y se estudiaron las diferencias existentes entre las saturaciones obtenidas por uno u otro método (diferencia media de saturación de O2).Resultados. El análisis demostró que la administración o no de infusiones de aminas vasoactivas presoras no interfiere en la concordancia y correlación de las saturaciones de oxígeno obtenidas por uno u otro de los métodos mencionados. Las diferencias medias de saturaciones de oxígeno obtenidas fueron menores del 3 por ciento, con rangos de concordancia de 5,35 y 10,38 entre SattcO2 y SatHbO2, según los pacientes recibieran o no aminas vasopresoras, y con rangos de concordancia de 6,23 y 10,42 entre SattcO2 y SatO2 en los mismos subgrupos de pacientes. Conclusión. En nuestro estudio, los datos obtenidos por pulsioximetría constituyen un buen reflejo de la saturación de oxígeno real de la sangre arterial (medida o calculada), aunque la sobrestiman ligeramente (menos del 3 por ciento); esta concordancia es independiente de la utilización de aminas vasoactivas presoras (AU)


Assuntos
Oximetria/métodos , Oximetria , Relação Ventilação-Perfusão/fisiologia , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , Hemodinâmica/fisiologia , Estudos Prospectivos , Oximetria/classificação , Oximetria/instrumentação , Oximetria/normas , Oximetria/tendências
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